Wednesday, July 10, 2019

Silver Wrapper

Silver wrapper (DOT 318.687-018) is an occupation used to exemplify light unskilled work with no manipulative limitations and work as a dishwasher.  The Dictionary of 

SILVER WRAPPER (hotel & rest.)

318.687-018 SILVER WRAPPER (hotel & rest.)
Spreads silverware on absorbent cloth to remove moisture. Wraps individual place settings in napkins or inserts them with prescribed accessory condiments in plastic bag and closes bag with electric sealer. May immerse silverware in cleaning solution to remove soap stains before wrapping. May place tarnished and bent eating utensils aside.
GOE: 05.12.18 STRENGTH: L GED: R2 M1 L1 SVP: 1 DLU: 77
SOC Code: 35-9021.00 
 The Selected Characteristics provides additional data:

SILVER WRAPPER

REACHING: Constantly
Extending hand(s) and arm(s) in any direction. In Part A, the rating for the Reaching component appears eighth in the first Physical Demand column under the vertical heading Re.

HANDLING: Constantly
Seizing, holding, grasping, turning, or otherwise working with hand or hands. Fingers are involved only to the extent that they are an extension of the hand, such as to tum a switch or shift automobile gears. In Part A, the rating for the Handling component appears ninth in the first Physical Demand column under the vertical heading Ha.

FINGERING: Constantly
Picking, pinching, or otherwise working primarily with fingers rather than with the whole hand or arm as in handling. In Part A, the rating for the Fingering component appears tenth (last) in the first Physical Demand column under the vertical heading Fi.
Classified with the DOT/SCO in most professional restatements of the DOT/SCO data set are other characteristics (the unselected) defined in the Revised Handbook for Analyzing Jobs:

SILVER WRAPPER

Motor Coordination: 4, Lower Degree of Aptitude Ability - Lowest Third Excluding Bottom 10%
MOTOR COORDINATION: The ability to coordinate eyes and hands or fingers rapidly and accurately in making precise movements with speed. Ability to make a movement response accurately and swiftly. 
Interpretive Information for Analysts: Motor coordination involves hand movements guided by concentrated visual attention. It· is present when objects are guided into position or pans are assembled. Typing and operating adding machines, calculators, and similar keyboards are examples of motor coordination in clerical occupations.
Finger Dexterity: 4, Lower Degree of Aptitude Ability - Lowest Third Excluding Bottom 10%
FINGER DEXTERITY: The ability to move the fingers and manipulate small objects with the fingers rapidly or accurately. 
Interpretive Information for Analysts: Finger dexterity is present when bolts and screws are handled; small tools. machine controls. and the like are manipulated; musical instruments are played; and fine adjustments and alignments are made to instruments and machines. It may or may not be accompanied by visual stimuli.
Manual Dexterity: 3, Medium Degree of Aptitude Ability - Middle Third
MANUAL DEXTERITY: The ability to move the hands easily and skillfully. Ability to work with the hands in placing and turning motions.
Interpretive Information for Analysts: Manual dexterity involves working with the arms and hands. It is present when objects are moved or stacked by hand or in other situations in which wrists and hands are used in turning and placing movements.
NOTE: Finger movements (Finger Dexterity) may or may not accompany the exercise of manual dexterity.
Assuming unlimited use of the hands and good dexterity, this occupation is appropriate.  But the question is, how many?

35-9021.00-Dishwashers
DOT Code
DOT Title
SVP
Strength
318.687-010
KITCHEN HELPER
2
M
318.687-014
SCULLION
2
M
318.687-018
SILVER WRAPPER
1
L


Three occupations, one light and two medium, all unskilled.  

35-9021 - Dishwashers

Typical Education Needed
No formal educational credential
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
None
Typical On-The-Job Training Needed to Attain Competency
Short-term on-the-job training
2016 Employment
514,300
Source:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Data for Occupations Not Covered in Detail, on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/about/data-for-occupations-not-covered-in-detail.htm 

The typical dishwasher needs no formal education and no training beyond 30 days.

35-9021.00 - Dishwashers

Structural Job Characteristics
%
Response
Duration of Typical Work Week — Number of hours typically worked in one week.
4
More than 40 hours
8
40 hours
89
Less than 40 hours

Not surprising, very few jobs in the dishwasher category provide full-time and presumptively substantial gainful activity.  They are part-time for the most part.

35-9021.00 - Dishwashers

Series ID: ORUV1000061700000064
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of dishwashers; svp is short demonstration only
Requirement: Education, Training, And Experience
Occupation: Dishwashers
Estimate: svp is short demonstration only
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual19.2

Series ID: 
ORUV1000061700000065
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of dishwashers; svp is beyond short demonstration, up to & including 1 month
Requirement: Education, Training, And Experience
Occupation: Dishwashers
Estimate: svp is beyond short demonstration, up to & including 1 month
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual77.3

Series ID: ORUP1000061700000662
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of dishwashers; strength is light work
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Dishwashers
Estimate: strength is light work
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual23.5


Series ID: 
ORUP1000061700000663
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of dishwashers; strength is medium work
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Dishwashers
Estimate: strength is medium work
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual67.3

Most of the jobs are unskilled (96.5%) and most require medium exertion.  This inquiry is looking for the light occupations, 23.5% of the total number of jobs.

35-9021.00 - Dishwashers

Job Number Calculations
# of Jobs
% Full-Time
# Full-Time
514,300
11%
56,573
# Full-Time
% Unskilled
# Unskilled
56,573
96%
54,310
# Unskilled
% Light
# Light
54,310
24%
13,034

The calculator rounds and we end up with 13,000 jobs in the national economy that work in the general category of dishwashers that are unskilled and light.

If a claimant can perform the full range of unskilled light work and is under the age of 55 (at least literate and able to communicate in English), that person is not disabled.  The other data in the ORS confirms what we would logically expect, dishwashers are on their feet 90% of the day at the 10th percentile and 100% of the day at higher reported percentiles.

See When to Use Occu Collect.

Monday, July 8, 2019

Kosher Inspector -- Unskilled and No Use of the Hands

Kosher Inspector as a light, unskilled occupation is reported to still be identified by vocational experts in response to questions posed by an ALJ that include a significant limitation to either occasional or not use of the hands.  We first take a quick look at that the DOT/SCO summary available just for signing up at Occu Collect.

Summary Report
529.687-126 KOSHER INSPECTOR

Industry: (dairy products)                              Reasoning:       3
Strength: L                                                        Mathematics:   1
SVP:       2                                                          Language:        1
GOE:      06.03.02                                            Data:                6 - Significant
DLU:      77                                                        People:             8 - Not Significant
                                                                            Things:             7 - Not Significant

PHYSICAL DEMANDS:
CL
BA
ST
KN
CO
CW
RE
HA
FI
FE
TA
HE
TS
NA
FA
DP
AC
CV
FV
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
O
F
N
N
N
F
N


SOC: 51-9061.00 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers

We start with the observation of no reaching, handling, or fingering; reasoning level 3; occasional tasting; and frequent near acuity and color vision.  Kosher inspector exists in the dairy products industry.  The next step requires examination of the occupation in the Standard Occupation Classification group of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers (SOC 51-9061.00).  The equally free DOT TO 2010 O*NET-SOC Crosswalk Report (new free report on Occu Collect) lists 782 DOT codes within 51-9061.  The subscription alternate titles reports puts the number of occupations found within 51-9061 at 1,145 occupations.

But we are talking about jobs, not occupations.  For jobs, we start with the Occupational Outlook Handbook:

51-9061 - Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

Typical Education Needed
High school diploma or equivalent
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
None
Typical On-The-Job Training Needed to Attain Competency
Moderate-term on-the-job training
2016 Employment
520,700


Source:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Quality Control Inspectors, on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/production/quality-control-inspectors.htm 
A half million jobs is a lot of jobs.  So we turn to the Occupational Requirements Survey to break the group down, since we abhor the equal distribution method.  We are concerned with light work, unskilled work, and the manipulative requirements of the work.  Those are the reports that we cull from the list.


Series ID: ORUV1000005A00000065
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; svp is beyond short demonstration, up to & including 1 month
Requirement: Education, Training, And Experience
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: svp is beyond short demonstration, up to & including 1 month
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual21.2

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000662
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; strength is light work
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: strength is light work
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual21.5

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000332
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; gross manipulation is required, occasionally
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: gross manipulation is required, occasionally
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual16.3

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000333
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; gross manipulation is required, frequently
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: gross manipulation is required, frequently
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual29.2
Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000334
Not seasonally adjusted

Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; gross manipulation is required, constantly
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: gross manipulation is required, constantly
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual46.4

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000771
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; gross manipulation is required
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: gross manipulation is required
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual100

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000345
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; gross manipulation is required, both hands
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: gross manipulation is required, both hands
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual100

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000349
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required, occasionally
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required, occasionally
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual54.3

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000350
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required, frequently
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required, frequently
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual18.4

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000351
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required, constantly
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required, constantly
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual19.3

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000769
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual95.1

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000361
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required, one hand
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required, one hand
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual36.3

Series ID: ORUP1000005A00000362
Not seasonally adjusted
Series Title: % of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers; fine manipulation is required, both hands
Requirement: Physical Demands
Occupation: Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Estimate: fine manipulation is required, both hands
YearPeriodEstimate
2018Annual58.9

The Occu Collect Calculator brings the full-time (O*NET OnLine), SVP (1, 2, or both), and exertion (where reported, not all occupations studied have the conclusion) to discover:

51-9061.00 - Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers

Job Number Calculations
# of Jobs
% Full-Time
# Full-Time
520,700
93%
484,251
# Full-Time
% SVP 2
# SVP 2
484,251
21%
101,693
# SVP 2
% Light
# Light
101,693
22%
22,372

Using Kosher Inspector as a simple example of unskilled light work as an inspector, tester, the number of jobs is 22,372 in every single light unskilled DOT or alternate title.  The gross manipulation data requires the inference that all jobs require use of the hands, 91.9% occasionally or more.  That leaves 8.1% as the unreported seldom range.  Inspectors, testers engage in no fine manipulation in 4.9% of jobs and one-handed fine manipulation in 36.3% of jobs.  Another 3.1% engage in what is most likely seldom fine manipulation. 

How many inspectors, testers engage in no manipulation?  The answer to that question is zero based on the gross manipulation statistics.  Fewer than 1,800 engage in seldom gross manipulation.  Fewer than 1,200 engage in no fine manipulation bilaterally but over 8,100 do not engage in fine manipulation with one hand.   

As described by the DOT/SCO, it is safe to conclude that no Kosher Inspector jobs exist as described.  Accounting for seldom use of the hands bilaterally, the number of jobs could reach 1,800 but is likely far less.  The assumption of 1,800 jobs assumes that the same jobs that do not require more than seldom gross also require seldom or no fine manipulation.  That is a statistical inference that is without foundation and probably not true.  

If you (or the ALJ) are still not satisfied, pull out the employment projections.  The EP informs us that the dairy product manufacturing industry group (NAICS 311500) employed approximately 3,300 inspectors, testers in the national economy as of 2016.  The always cumbersome Occupational Employment Statistics Query System puts the number of inspectors, testers in the dairy industry at 4,020.  Those two numbers exist at all exertion and skill levels, absent additional statistical data.

See When to Use Occu Collect.